Half to mocallum



(Sbecimes.)

A. HEALD.

IN GRAIN CARPET.

Patented Dee. 20,1887.

v WITNESSES: 6.50'

INVENTOR- Philadelphia, in the State of .Pennsylvania,

UNITED STATES ALEEED HEALD, on PHILADELPHIA,

PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- IIALF TO MOOALLUM & SLOAN, OF SAME PLAGE.

INGRAIN CARPET.

SPECIFICATIONVforming part of Letters Patent No. 375,289. dated December 20, 1887.

Application filed August 1, 1887. Serial No. 245.786.

.To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED HEALD, of

haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Ingrain Carpets, whereof the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

In said drawings, Figures l, 2, 3, andltrepresent, on a much exaggerated scale, the arrangement of the threads in ordinary ingraincarpet weaving; and Figs. 5, 6, and 7 represent, in a similar manner, the arrangement of the threads in my improved fabric.

It is Well known that in ordinary ingraincarpetweaving the figure and the ground are, respectively,composed of definite sets of warp and weft threads, and that where said fabric is double ply the weft-threads are arranged in pairsthat is to say, each figure-thread has a corresponding ground thread, sometimes termed-its mata and that when said figurethread appears upon the face of the fabric its mate usually appears upon the back, and vice versa. In order to produce certain color effects it has been proposed to disturb the relations of these mate-threads,7 and, so to speak, to exchange matesbetween different pairs of th reads, so that the ground-thread and its mate should appear side by side upon the face of the fabric, while their places upon the back of the fabric were supplied by the other members of the two pairs, which, ordinarily, would have occupied a correlative position upon the face and back of the fabric, but which are now disturbed in correspondence with the new arrangement of the other two threads. Such a fabric is described in Letters Patent of the United States No. 353,135, dated November 23, 1886. The fabric described in said patent necessarily remains a two ply fabric, the threads being merely interchanged from one. surface to the other, and the removal of a thread from one side being always compensated by the introduction of another in its place.

I have lfound that surface effects of great richness can be produced without impairing the strength of the fabric (although its physical structure is substantially altered) by simply throwing up upon thesurface one of the threads, which normally would have api (Specimens.)

peared upon the back. The fabric thus produced is not two-ply where these effects are introduced, but the back is robbed of a thread, which goes to not only enrich the color effect 5 5 ofthe face, but also, by the crowding together of the threads through the introduction of an extra one, produces a decided solidity and fullness.

I do not deem it necessary to describe the 6o 'loom upon which the fabric is to be produced,

since its method of operation iswell understood by all those skilled in the art, and various means can be employed for lifting the eXtra warp-thread at any desired time.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 represents the arrangement of four weft-threads of different colors, the figure-threads of black and red, for instance, being represented, respectively, by letters b and r, while the ground-threads, or 7o cinnamon and white, forV instance, are :represented-respectively, by the letters c and w. The corresponding Warp-threads are represented by the letters B, It, C, and W, respectively. In Fig. l the figure-threads are up or on the face of the fabric. In Fig. 2 the groundthreads are up. In Fig. 3 an ordinary shot- 'about 7 isrepresented, of one figure and one ground-thread up, the corresponding or mate threads being down. In Fig. et another shot- 8o about, the reverse of Fig. 3, is represented. These four figures will illustrate the definite arrangement of the mate-threads in a two-ply fabric made according to the old method.

Fig. 5 represents my improved fabric, being 85 the same arrangement of figure-threads as that shown in Fig. l, but with the cinnamon ground-thread thrown up from the back to the face of the fabric, where it is crowded in between the two figure-threads. Fig. 6 repre- 9o sents a shot-about effect in my improved fabric, being the arrangement of threads indicated-by Fig. 4, but with the cinnamon-ground thread thrown-up to the face of the fabric and crowded in between a figure-thread and a ground-thread. Fig. 7 represents a similar arrangement'of fgurethreads to that shown in Fig. l, but with the white-ground thread IV thrown up in the face instead of a cinnamon thread. These illustrations clearly show Ioo the nature of my fabric when made as described, its peculiarity consisting, as before stated, in the fact that the back of the carpet is robbed 0f a thread which gees to enrich the face both in color` and in volume, thus making a fabric which at intervals has only the thick- 5 ness of a single thread, the intermediate p0rtions only being double-ply.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- The hereinbefore-described ingrain-carpet fabric in which a back thread is thrown atin 1c tervals upon the face of the fabric without the removal from the face of the fabric of any thread as a substitute for the displaced back thread.

ALFRED HEALD. Witnesses:

CHARLES F. ZIEGLER, THOMAS SABY. 

